More than 272,700 persons are employed in the Dane County economy. The Madison Area economy is characterized by diversity and stability. The Wisconsin State administration and the University of Wisconsin, along with City, County and Federal government, form the core of a strong public sector, employing about one quarter of the area work force. This is balanced by a dynamic private sector, well diversified among the major industry groups.

The City's economic structure is shifting slowly, with the share of total employment held by trade and the service industries increasing relative to the other sectors. This transition has been smooth, however, and all sectors remain healthy.

The stable, diverse, and growing regional economy has consistently given Madison and Dane County the lowest unemployment rates in Wisconsin, and is one reason for the excellent financial condition of City and County government.